Ukutya okukhenkcezisiweyo kubhekiselele kukutya okusemgangathweni ofanelekileyo wemathiriyeli ekrwada ecutshungulwe ngokufanelekileyo, ikhenkceziswe kubushushu obuyi-30°C, ize igcinwe kwaye ijikeleziswe ku--18°C okanye ngaphantsi emva kokupakishwa. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphantsi bogcino lwetsheyini ebandayo kuyo yonke le nkqubo, ukutya okukhenkcezisiweyo kuneempawu zobomi obude beshelufa, engonakaliyo, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokulula, kodwa ikwabeka ngaphezulu.umngenigeskunye neemfuno eziphezulu zezinto zokupakisha.
Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokupakisha ukutya okukhenkcezisiweyo
Okwangoku, eqhelekileyoiingxowa zokupakisha ezikhenkcezisiweyoemarikeni kusetyenziswa ikakhulu ezi zinto zilandelayo:
1. PET/PE
Esi sakhiwo sixhaphake kakhulu ekupakishweni kokutya okukhenkcezayo. Inobungqina obuhle bokufuma, ukumelana nokubanda, iipropati zokuvala ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.
2. I-BOPP / PE, BOPP / CPP
Olu hlobo lolwakhiwo lububungqina bokufuma, luyamelana nokubanda, lunamandla okuqina aphezulu ekutywinweni kobushushu obuphantsi kobushushu, kwaye lunoqoqosho ngokwexabiso. Phakathi kwabo, ukubonakala kunye nokuvakalelwa kweengxowa zokupakisha nge-BOPP / PE isakhiwo zingcono kunezo zine-PET / PE isakhiwo, ezinokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso.
3. I-PET/VMPET/CPE, BOPP/VMPET/CPE
Ngenxa yobukho bomaleko we-aluminiyam yokucwenga, olu hlobo lolwakhiwo lunoshicilelo oluhle lomphezulu, kodwa ukusebenza kwalo kobushushu obuphantsi kobushushu buphantsi kancinci kwaye ixabiso liphezulu, ngoko ke izinga lokusetyenziswa kwalo liphantsi.
4. NY/PE, PET/NY/LLDPE, PET/NY/AL/PE,NY/PE
Ukupakishwa ngolu hlobo lwesakhiwo kuchasene neqhwa kunye neempembelelo. Ngenxa yobukho bomaleko we-NY, ukuxhathisa kwayo ngokubhoboza kuhle kakhulu, kodwa ixabiso liphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukupakisha iimveliso ze-angular okanye ezinzima.
Ukongeza, kukwakho nebhegi ye-PE elula, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengengxowa yokupakisha yangaphandle yemifuno kunye nokutya okulula okukhenkcezisiweyo.
Ukongeza kwiingxowa zokupakisha, okunye ukutya okunomkhenkce kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwee-blister tray. Eyona nto isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo itreyi yiPP. I-PP yebakala lokutya icocekile kwaye inokusetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi -30 °C. Kukho kwakhona i-PET kunye nezinye izinto. Njengepakethe yezothutho ngokubanzi, iikhathoni ezinamazimba zizinto zokuqala ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukupakishwa kokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo ngenxa yobungqina bazo bothuso, iipropathi ezinokumelana noxinzelelo kunye noncedo lweendleko.
Imigangatho yovavanyo yokupakishwa kokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo
Iimpahla eziqinisekisiweyo kufuneka zibe nopakisho olufanelekileyo. Ukongeza ekuvavanyeni imveliso ngokwayo, uvavanyo lwemveliso kufuneka kwakhona luvavanye ukupakishwa. Kuphela emva kokuphumelela uvavanyo kunokungena kwintsimi yokujikeleza.
Okwangoku, akukho migangatho ikhethekileyo yelizwe yokuvavanya ukupakishwa kokutya okufriziwe. Iingcali zeshishini zisebenza nabavelisi bokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo ukukhuthaza ngokusebenzayo ukuqulunqwa kwemigangatho yoshishino. Ke ngoko, xa kuthengwa ukupakishwa, abavelisi bokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo kufuneka bahlangabezane nemigangatho yelizwe ngokubanzi yezinto ezifanelekileyo zokupakisha.
Umzekelo:
I-GB 9685-2008 "iMigangatho yoBucoceko ekuSetyenziseni izongezo kwiZitya zokuTya kunye neZixhobo zokuPakisha" ichaza imigangatho yococeko yezongezo ezisetyenziswa kwizitya zokutya kunye nezinto zokupakisha;
I-GB/T 10004-2008 "Ifilimu yePlastiki yePlastiki yokuPakisha, i-Dry Lamination for Bags, kunye ne-Extrusion Lamination" ichaza iifilimu ezidibeneyo, iingxowa, kunye neefilimu ezidibeneyo zeplastiki ezenziwe nge-lamination eyomileyo kunye ne-co-extrusion lamination iinkqubo ezingenayo isiseko sephepha kunye ne-aluminium. ifoyile. , ukubonakala kunye nezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo zesikhwama, kwaye ichaza inani le-solvent eseleyo kwi-bag composite kunye nefilimu;
I-GB 9688-1988 "Umgangatho wococeko lweeMveliso ezibunjiweyo zePolypropylene kwiPackaging yokutya" ichaza izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zePP ezibunjiweyo zokupakisha ukutya, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe njengesiseko sokuqulunqwa kwemigangatho yePP blister trays yokutya okukhethiweyo okukhenkcezisiweyo;
I-GB/T 4857.3-4 kunye ne-GB/T 6545-1998 "Indlela yokuzimisela ukugqabhuka kwamandla ekhadibhodi ye-corrugated cardboard" ngokulandelanayo ibonelela ngeemfuno zokubeka amandla okupakisha kunye nokugqabhuka kokuqina kweebhokisi zekhadibhodi.
Ukongeza, kwimisebenzi yokwenyani, abavelisi bokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo baya kuqulunqa imigangatho ethile yeshishini ehambelana neemeko zabo ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zokwenyani, ezinje ngeemfuno zobungakanani beetreyi zamadyungudyungu, iibhakethi ezinogwebu kunye nezinye iimveliso ezibunjiweyo.
Iingxaki ezimbini ezinkulu azinakuhoywa
1. ukutya okomileyo ukusetyenziswa, "frozen ukutshisa" phenomenon
Ukugcinwa emkhenkceni kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukukhula kunye nokuzala kwakhona kwe-microorganisms kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokubola kokutya. Nangona kunjalo, kwinkqubo ethile yokukhenkceza, ukusetyenziswa okomileyo kunye ne-oxidation yokutya kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi kunye nokwandiswa kwexesha lomkhenkce.
Kwisikhenkcisi, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kunye nomphunga wamanzi inxenye yoxinzelelo olukhoyo lukhona olunje: umphezulu wokutya> umoya ojikelezileyo> opholileyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, oku kubangelwa ukushisa okuvela kwindawo yokutya kudluliselwa kumoya ojikelezayo, kwaye ubushushu buyancipha ngakumbi; kwelinye icala, umahluko woxinzelelo oluyinxenye phakathi komphunga wamanzi okhoyo kumphezulu wokutya kunye nomoya ojikelezileyo ubangela amanzi, ukuphuphuma kwekristale yomkhenkce kunye ne-sublimation ibe ngumphunga emoyeni.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, umoya oqulethe umphunga wamanzi omninzi wehlisa ukuxinana kwawo kwaye uhamba phezu kwesikhenkcisi. Kubushushu obuphantsi besipholisa, umphunga wamanzi udibana nomphezulu wepholileyo uze ujiye ube yiqabaka ukuze uyiqhoboshele, kwaye ukuxinana komoya kuyanda, ngaloo ndlela uyatshona uze uphinde udibane nokutya. Le nkqubo iya kuphinda iphindwe, ukujikeleza, amanzi aphezu kokutya ahlala elahlekile, ubunzima buyancipha, le nto "ukusetyenziswa okomileyo". Kwinkqubo eqhubekayo yokusetyenziswa okomileyo, umphezulu wokutya uya kuba yizicubu ezincinci, ukwandisa indawo yoqhagamshelwano kunye ne-oksijini, ukukhawulezisa i-oxidation yamafutha okutya, i-pigment, i-browning ebusweni, i-protein denaturation, le nto "kukutshisa okutshisa".
Ngenxa yokuhanjiswa komphunga wamanzi kunye ne-oxidation reaction ye-oksijini emoyeni zezona zizathu ziphambili zale nto ingasentla, ngoko ke njengomqobo phakathi kokutya okunomkhenkce kunye nehlabathi langaphandle, izinto zokupakisha zeplastiki ezisetyenziselwa ukupakisha kwangaphakathi kufuneka zibe namanzi alungileyo. umphunga kunye neoksijini yokuthintela ukusebenza.
2. Impembelelo yendawo yokugcina ekhenkcezisiweyo kumandla omatshini wezinto zokupakisha
Njengoko sonke sisazi, iiplastiki ziya kuba brittle kwaye zithande ukuphuka xa zibonakaliswe kwiindawo eziphantsi kweqondo lokushisa ixesha elide, kwaye iimpawu zabo zomzimba ziya kuhla ngokukhawuleza, ezibonisa ubuthathaka bezinto zeplastiki ngokubhekiselele ekuxhathiseni okubandayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuchasana okubandayo kweeplastiki kubonakaliswa ngubushushu be-embrittlement. Njengoko ubushushu buyancipha, iplastiki iba brittle kwaye kulula ukuphuka ngenxa yokuncipha kokuhamba kwetsheyina le-polymer molecular. Ngaphantsi kwamandla empembelelo achaziweyo, i-50% yeplastiki iya kuba ne-brittle failure. Iqondo lobushushu ngeli xesha bubushushu obunqabileyo. Oko kukuthi, umda ophantsi wokushisa wokusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwezinto zeplastiki. Ukuba izinto zokupakisha ezisetyenziselwa ukutya okunomkhenkce zinokumelana nokubanda okulambathayo, ngexesha lothutho lwamva kunye neenkqubo zokulayisha kunye nezothutho, iiprotrusions ezibukhali zokutya okunomkhenkce zinokugqobhoza ngokulula ukupakishwa, kubangele iingxaki zokuvuza kunye nokukhawulezisa ukonakaliswa kokutya.
Ngexesha lokugcinwa nokuthuthwa, ukutya okukhenkcezisiweyo kufakwa kwiibhokisi zamalahle. Ubushushu bogcino olubandayo lusetwa ngokubanzi ku -24℃~-18℃. Kwindawo yokugcina ebandayo, iibhokisi zamathanki ziya kutsala kancinci kancinci ukufuma kwindalo esingqongileyo, kwaye zihlala zifikelela kwibhalansi yokufuma kwiintsuku ezi-4. Ngokutsho koncwadi olufanelekileyo, xa i-carton corrugated ifikelela kwi-balance balance, ukufuma kwayo kuya kunyuka nge-2% ukuya kwi-3% xa kuthelekiswa nesimo esomileyo. Ngokwandiswa kwexesha lokukhenkceza, amandla oxinzelelo lomphetho, amandla acinezelayo, kunye namandla okubopha iibhokisi zamalahle ziya kuncipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye ziya kuncipha nge-31%, 50%, kunye ne-21% ngokulandelanayo emva kweentsuku ezi-4. Oku kuthetha ukuba emva kokungena kwisitoreji esibandayo, amandla omatshini weebhokisi ezinqabileyo ziya kuncipha. Amandla achaphazeleka kumlinganiselo othile, okwandisa umngcipheko wokuwa kwebhokisi kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
Ukutya okukhenkcezisiweyo kuya kuqhuba imisebenzi emininzi yokulayisha kunye nokukhulula ngexesha lokuthutha ukusuka kwindawo ebandayo ukuya kwindawo yokuthengisa. Utshintsho oluqhubekayo kumahluko weqondo lobushushu lubangela ukuba umphunga wamanzi osemoyeni ongqonge ibhokisi yamalahle ujiyane kumphezulu webhokisi, kwaye ukufuma kwebhokisi kunyuke ngokukhawuleza ukuya kutsho malunga ne-19%. , amandla ayo oxinzelelo olunqamlekileyo luya kuhla malunga ne-23% ukuya kwi-25%. Ngeli xesha, amandla omatshini webhokisi ye-corrugated iya konakala ngakumbi, ukwandisa amathuba okuwa kwebhokisi. Ukongeza, ngexesha lenkqubo yokupakisha i-carton, iibhokisi eziphezulu ziqhuba uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lwe-static kwiibhokisi ezisezantsi. Xa iibhokisi zifunxa umswakama kwaye zinciphisa ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo, iibhokisi ezisezantsi ziya kuphazamiseka kwaye zityunyuzwe kuqala. Ngokwezibalo, ilahleko yezoqoqosho ebangelwa ukuwa kweekhathoni ngenxa yokufunxa umswakama kunye ne-akhawunti ye-ultra-high stacking malunga ne-20% yelahleko epheleleyo kwinkqubo yokujikeleza.
Izisombululo
Ukunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kwezi ngxaki zimbini zingentla kwaye uqinisekise ukhuseleko lokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo, ungaqala kule miba ilandelayo.
1. Khetha izinto zokupakisha zangaphakathi ezinomqobo ophezulu kunye namandla aphezulu.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto zokupakisha ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Kuphela ngokuqonda iimpawu ezibonakalayo zezinto ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha sinokukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zokukhusela ukutya okufriziwe, ukwenzela ukuba bangakwazi ukugcina incasa kunye nomgangatho wokutya kuphela, kodwa baphinde babonise ixabiso lemveliso.
Okwangoku, ukupakishwa kweplastiki eguquguqukayo esetyenziswa kwintsimi yokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo yahlulwe kakhulu yaba ngamacandelo amathathu:
Uhlobo lokuqala luiingxowa ukupakisha-umaleko omnye, njengeengxowa ze-PE, ezineziphumo ezibi kakhulu zomqobo kwaye ziqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kwemifuno;
Udidi lwesibini luiingxowa zokupakisha ezithambileyo ezihlanganisiweyo, ezisebenzisa i-adhesive ukuze ibophe iileya ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zeplastiki yeplastiki kunye nezixhobo zefilimu, ezifana ne-OPP/LLDPE, NY/LLDPE, njl. njl., ezinobungqina obuhle bokufuma, obukwazi ukumelana nokubanda, kunye neempawu zokubhoboza;
Udidi lwesithathu luIingxowa ezininzi zokupakisha zeplastiki eziguquguqukayo, apho izinto eziluhlaza ezinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo efana ne-PA, i-PE, i-PP, i-PET, i-EVOH, njl. njl. ziyanyibilika kwaye zikhutshwe ngokwahlukileyo, zidibaniswe kwi-main die, zize zidibaniswe kunye emva kokubunjwa kokuvuthela kunye nokupholisa. , olu hlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo alusebenzisi i-adhesives kwaye luneempawu zokungangcolisi, umqobo ophezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokuphantsi, njl.
Idatha ibonisa ukuba kumazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla, ukusetyenziswa kwee-akhawunti zodidi lwesithathu malunga ne-40% yokupaka ukutya okufriziweyo, ngelixa kwilizwe lam kuphela i-akhawunti malunga ne-6% kwaye ifuna ukukhuthazwa ngakumbi.
Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi kunye neteknoloji, izinto ezintsha zivela enye emva kwenye, kwaye ifilimu epakishwayo etyiwayo ngomnye wabameli. Isebenzisa i-polysaccharides, iiprotheni okanye i-lipids njenge-matrix, kwaye yenza ifilimu ekhuselayo kumphezulu wokutya okunomkhenkce usebenzisa izinto zendalo ezidliwayo njengezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokusebenzisana kwe-intermolecular ngokusonga, ukudipha, ukugquma okanye ukutshiza. , ukulawula ukuhanjiswa komswakama kunye nokungena kwe-oxygen. Olu hlobo lwefilimu lunokuxhathisa okucacileyo kwamanzi kunye nokumelana negesi eqinile. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba inokutyiwa ngokutya okunomkhenkce ngaphandle kongcoliseko, kwaye inethuba elibanzi lokufaka isicelo.
2. Ukuphucula ukumelana nokubanda kunye namandla omatshini wezinto zokupakisha zangaphakathi
Indlela yokuqala, khetha i-compound efanelekileyo okanye i-co-extruded materials ekrwada.
Inayiloni, i-LLDPE, i-EVA zonke zinokuxhathisa ubushushu obuphantsi kunye nokumelana nokukrazula kunye nokumelana nempembelelo. Ukongezwa kwezinto ezinjalo eziluhlaza kwi-composite okanye inkqubo ye-co-extrusion inokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukuchasana kwamanzi kunye nomoya kunye namandla omatshini wezinto zokupakisha.
Indlela yesibini, ngokufanelekileyo ukwandisa umlinganiselo weplastiki. I-Plasticizer isetyenziselwa ukwenza buthathaka i-subvalent bond phakathi kwe-polymer molekyuli, ukuze kwandiswe ukuhamba kwe-polymer molecular chain, ukunciphisa i-crystallization, ebonakala njengokuncipha kobulukhuni bepolymer, i-modulus embrittlement ubushushu, kunye nokuphuculwa kobude kunye nokuguquguquka.
3. phucula amandla oxinzelelo lweebhokisi zamacangci
Okwangoku, imarike ngokusisiseko isebenzisa ikhathoni efakwe amazimba ukuthutha ukutya okunomkhenkce, le bhokisi ijikelezwe zizikhonkwane ezine zebhodi etyatyiweyo, phezulu naphantsi ngamaphiko amane aphukileyo asonga uhlobo lokwenziwa. Ngokuhlalutya uncwadi kunye nokuqinisekiswa kovavanyo, kunokufunyanwa ukuba ukuwa kwebhokisi kwenzeka kwikhadibhodi ezine ezibekwe ngokuthe nkqo kwibhokisi yesakhiwo, ngoko ke ukomeleza amandla oxinzelelo lwale ndawo kunokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo amandla oxinzelelo olupheleleyo lwebhokisi. Ngokukodwa, okokuqala, kudonga lwebhokisi ejikeleze ukongezwa komkhono wendandatho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ikhadibhodi ye-A corrugated cardboard, ukuqina kwayo, ukufunxa ukothuka, kunokuthintela ukutya okunomkhenkce okubukhali kwikhadibhodi emanzi. Okwesibini, uhlobo lwebhokisi yesakhiwo sebhokisi ingasetyenziselwa, olu hlobo lwebhokisi luhlala lwenziwe ngamaqhekeza amaninzi ebhodi edibeneyo, ibhodi yebhokisi kunye nebhokisi yebhokisi iyahlukana, ngokusebenzisa isigqubuthelo sokusetyenziswa. Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zokupakisha, amandla oxinzelelo lwebhokisi yesakhiwo evaliweyo malunga namaxesha ama-2 eebhokisi zesakhiwo esifakwe.
4. Yomeleza uvavanyo lokupakisha
Ukupakishwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekutyeni okukhenkcezisiweyo, ngoko urhulumente wenze i-GB / T24617-2009 yokuPhakhelwa kokutya okuFrozen, uPhawu, uThutho kunye noGcino, i-SN / T0715-1997 yokuThunyela iMithetho yokuHlola yokuPhakanyiswa kokutya okuFrozen kunye neminye imigangatho efanelekileyo. ngokubeka iimfuno ezisezantsi zokupakisha ukusebenza kwezinto, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wenkqubo yonke ukusuka ekuboneleleni kokupakisha izinto eziluhlaza, inkqubo yokupakisha kunye nomphumo wokupakisha. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ishishini kufuneka liseke ilebhu yolawulo lomgangatho wokupakisha egqibeleleyo, exhotyiswe ngesakhiwo sebhloko esidityanisiweyo se-oksijini / umphunga wamanzi wokuvavanya, umatshini wokuvavanya uxinzelelo lwe-elektroniki, umatshini wovavanyo we-carton compressor, wokupakisha umqobo wokusebenza komkhenkce, ukumelana noxinzelelo, ukubhoboza. ukumelana, ukuxhathisa kweenyembezi, ukuxhathisa impembelelo kunye noluhlu lweemvavanyo.
Ukushwankathela, izinto zokupakisha zokutya okufriziwe zijongene neemfuno ezininzi ezintsha kunye neengxaki ezintsha kwinkqubo yesicelo. Ukufunda nokusombulula ezi ngxaki kuyinzuzo enkulu ekuphuculeni umgangatho wogcino kunye nokuthuthwa kokutya okukhenkcezisiweyo. Ukongeza, ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvavanya ukupakisha, ukusekwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yovavanyo lwezinto zokupakisha, kuya kubonelela ngesiseko sophando malunga nokukhethwa kwezinto ezizayo kunye nolawulo lomgangatho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-23-2023
