Ingahlaziywa njani ipakethe yeplastiki? Zeziphi iindlela zobugcisa ezifuna ingqalelo?
Ngeli hlotyeni, ukupakishwa kweplastiki kubetha iindaba rhoqo! Okokuqala, ibhotile eluhlaza yase-UK yatshintshwa yafakwa kwipakethe ecacileyo, emva koko uMengniu noDow baqonda ukwenziwa kwefilimu eshwabeneyo ubushushu enezinto zePCR. Eli linyathelo lokuqala likaMengniu lokusebenzisa i-PCR kwipakethe yesibini.
Kukwakho nomenzi we-ayisikrimu wamazwe ngamazwe ifoneri (ishishini elidibeneyo phakathi kwe-Finch ne-RR) e-odole iikomityi ze-ayisikrimu ezizizigidi ezili-100 ze-polypropylene ezivuselelekayo. I-ayisikrimu epakishwe kwipolypropylene esetyenzisiweyo iya kuthengiswa e-Itali.
Ingcinga esisiseko yokwenziwa kweteknoloji yokupakishwa kweplastiki kwezi ndidi zahlukeneyo iyafana: ukuphinda kusetyenziswe i-recyclepalagging ayisesiso isilogeni, kodwa litshantliziyo "elisekelwe phantsi". Ukupakishwa okunokurisayikilishwa kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ngokwe-repot kunye ne-dat, imarike yokupakishwa kweplastiki ezinzileyo kwihlabathi jikelele kulindeleke ukuba ifikelele kwi-127.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2028, kunye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka elihlanganisiweyo le-6%, apho ukupakishwa okunokuphinda kusetyenziswe ukwenza eyona nxalenye inkulu.
Ingahlaziywa njani ipakethe yeplastiki? Zeziphi iindlela zobugcisa ezifuna ingqalelo?
01 imathiriyeli enye iphucula kakhulu ixabiso elithambileyo lokupakisha ngokutsha
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isisombululo esisodwa sokupakisha esinexabiso elihle lokurisayikilisha siye savezwa, kwaye siphumelele ukutshintshwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezihlanganisiweyo kwezinye izicelo. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezixutywe ngamaleko amaninzi, ukupakishwa kweplastiki okukodwa akufuneki ukuba kuhluthwe emva kokusetyenziswa, kwaye ixabiso elinokuphinda lisetyenziswe liphuculwe kakhulu. Nokuba ikwipakethe enzima okanye ethambileyo, imathiriyeli enye ihlonitshwa kakhulu.
Umzekelo: intloko yempompo ye-PE enemetallized epheleleyo
Kwipakethe enzima yeekhemikhali yemihla ngemihla, intloko yempompo yemveli inokuthi iqulathe izinto ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, inokuba nzima inkqubo yokuphinda isetyenziswe. Olu hlobo lwentloko yempompo kunye neplastiki kunye nesakhiwo esixutywe ngetsimbi kwandisa ukuchaneka kokupakishwa kamva kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe.
Enye umzekelo: konke ukutya okuguquguqukayo kwe-PE ukupakishwa kwe-oxygen ukumelana kunye nobungqina bokufuma
Kumhlaba wokupakishwa okuthambileyo kokutya, ukupakishwa kwezinto enye kuye kwangena ngokuthe ngcembe ekutyeni komntwana kunye neemveliso zobisi. Umzekelo, inkampani yeGarbo ibonelela ngebhegi yokupakisha yokutya komntwana enye kwi-organic banana mango puree. Ngokuthelekisa, ukupakishwa kwefilimu ngesixhobo esinye kulula ukurisayikilisheka.
02 ibhotile ye-PET ecacileyo eqhekekileyo yombala webhotile ukugaywa kwakhona kunzima
Ekuhlaziyweni kweebhotile ze-PET, iibhotile ze-PET ezinemibala ziya kwandisa ubunzima bokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona kwaye zinciphise ixabiso lokuphinda lisetyenziswe, ngelixa iibhotile ze-PET ezicacileyo zilungele ukuphinda zisetyenziswe. Ukongeza, iibhotile ze-PET ezicacileyo zikwalula ukukhulisa umtsalane weeshelufu zentengiso.
Ke ngoko, iibhotile ze-transparent et ziye zaziwa ngakumbi nangakumbi kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo. I-Coca Cola itshintshe ibhotile yayo yekhephu yeminyaka engama-50 ukusuka eluhlaza ukuya ekukhanyeni kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, kwaye ezisixhenxe e-UK nazo ziza kuqala kweli hlobo ukutshintsha i-375m, 500m kunye ne-600ml ye-FET yokupakishwa ukusuka kumbala we-edge wasekuqaleni ukuya ekuhleni ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona. Ukongeza kwi-Coke Sprite kunye ne-7 up transparent packaging, umenzi wobisi we-agenlian u-mastelene HNOS uya kuqalisa ukusebenzisa ibhotile ye-PET ecacileyo ephuhliswe ngu-Amcor ukuzalisa ubisi lwayo olutsha.
03 sebenzisa kwakhona i-PCR kwaye ujike inkunkuma ibe bubutyebi
Igama elipheleleyo le-PCR yi-post consumerreydedmateral, nto leyo ethetha ukuba i-resin ehlaziyiweyo yabathengi ngesiTshayina, okanye i-PCR ngokufutshane. Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngamasuntswana eplastiki amatsha emva kokuphinda kusetyenziswe iiplastiki zenkunkuma kunye nokuhlelwa, ukucocwa kunye namasuntswana endlela ngenkqubo yokurisayikilishwa. Le ngqayi yeplastiki inesakhiwo esifanayo neplastiki ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe kwakhona. Xa amasuntswana eplastiki amatsha exutywe nentlaka yokuqala, kunokwenziwa iimveliso zeplastiki ezintsha ezahlukeneyo. Le ndlela ayigcini nje ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide, kodwa iyanciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. I-PCR inokuphinda isetyenziswe izinto zesilwanyana sasekhaya, i-PE, i-PP, i-HDPE, njl.
Imigaqo ye-EU ikhuthaza amashishini ukuba aphucule isicelo sePCR
I-European Union's disposable plastics Directive ifuna ukuba umlinganiselo wamacandelo eplastiki asetyenzisiweyo kwiibhotile ze-PE yesibini kufuneka anyuswe ukuya kwi-25% ukusuka kwi-2025. Ukususela ngo-2030, umlinganiselo wezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zeplastiki kuzo zonke iibhotile zesiselo kufuneka zifikelele kwi-30%, izixhobo ze-PCR i-akhawunti yokupakisha i-30%, kunye nezixhobo ze-PCR kunye ne-proportion target ye-Eurasia Group yi-40%.
Ukwandisa umlinganiselo wezinto ze-PCR ekupakisheni kuye kwaba sesinye sezicwangciso ezingundoqo kumashishini e-FMCG ukufezekisa umbono we-2025 okanye umbono 2030. U-Unilever uceba ukufezekisa i-25% yezinto ze-PCR ekupakisheni ngo-2025, kunye neqela le-Mars liceba ukufezekisa ukupakishwa ngo-2025. NgoJuni kulo nyaka, i-Coca Cola yaqhubeka nokwandisa ukulungiswa kwayo okuzinzileyo eYurophu kwaye yakhuthaza ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweebhotile ze-PET e-Italy naseJamani. Ngaphambili, ibhengeze ukuvelisa ngokuthe ngcembe i-100% yeebhotile zesilwanyana eNetherlands, eNorway, eSweden nakwezinye iindawo.
Umthombo: Inethiwekhi yesitora sePlastiki
Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi:
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-25-2022
